NATO countries are using creative math to meet the U.S. president’s demand to more than double annual spending, partly by expanding what counts beyond soldiers and weapons.

The president has long pressed European allies to pay more for their own security. So they may redefine what qualifies as security.

Trump wants Nato members to raise defence budgets to 5% of their GDP. Nato Secretary-General Mark Rutte has proposed a compromise plan, calling for 3.5% dedicated to core military spending by 2032, and an additional 1.