When two hydrogen atoms get close enough, the electron from each atom feels an attraction from the proton in the other atom's nucleus. This attraction pulls the atoms together. The electrons end up ...

Researchers at Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, have shed light on the structure of supercritical water. In this state, which exists at extreme temperatures and pressures, water has the properties of ...

Birefringent crystalline materials are essential in advanced optical technologies such as isolators and modulators due to their ability to manipulate light polarization. However, designing high ...