The t statistic is used in the context of a t-test when doing hypothesis testing. Hypothesis tests start with a null hypothesis (Ho) which states there is no statistically significant difference.

Past data—whether statistically significant or not ... To measure a p-value, use the function =T.TEST. Statistical significance is used to gauge the likelihood that a relationship exists ...

Statistically significant differences between two treatments may not necessarily reflect a clinically important difference. We aimed to quantify the sample sizes and magnitude of treatment effects ...