The GDE Atlas makes no assessment of ecosystem value, condition, sensitivity, threat or risk. There are many external factors that need to be considered ... What does the terrestrial GDE layer show?

(c) Physical environment refers to all abiotic factors or conditions like temperature ... dependent upon the intricate functioning of ecosystems. • The option values of nature: If we use ...

Groundwater plays an important role in sustaining aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, such as springs, wetlands, rivers and vegetation. Understanding these groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) is ...