Increasingly common in daily practice, this is the first guideline update since 2011, aimed to improve success rates and cut complications.

Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a group of rare conditions in which veins in the liver become blocked. An ultrasound for BCS may show atypical, narrowed, or potentially blocked veins inside the liver.

The basilic and cephalic veins in the mid-arm region, although difficult to see or palpate, can be imaged longitudinally and cannulated using real-time ultrasonography, providing an easy alternative.