In this circuit, a PNP transistor sources current. The base voltage is about 0.7 V less than the emitter voltage. So with 10.3 V on the base, the emitter has about 11 V and R1 sees about 1 V ...

Take advantage of current control topologies without self-heating error while retaining the 317/337's fault protection ...

Figure 1 A series of LM317 circuits investigated in simulation and on the test bench for suitability as a current source. The circuit’s broadband PSRR was simulated, measured in ohms, and defined as ...

For more practical circuits, build the current mirror with 2 resistors, an opamp (to compare voltages over those resistors) and a MOSfet on the output of the opamp. This has: – better accuracy.

For the circuit shown, a maximum current of 20 mA is feasible for a maximum load of 1100 Ohms. Using higher-voltage op amps and larger power transistors can increase these values if cost isn't a ...

If used in oscillator or function generator circuits, an ultra wide range VCO can be made. Also, in power supply circuitry, it is possible for a reguator to have as much resolution when adjusted for 0 ...

For symmetrical-current-rated power fuses, the first-cycle symmetrical rms current can be directly compared to the rated symmetrical interrupting capabilities in a manufacturer’s table only if the ...

where k is the level of the “white” current or voltage noise level, and F C is the 1/f corner frequency. A good low-frequency, low-noise amplifier will have a corner frequencies below 10 Hz.