It involves spraying aerosols — such as sulfur dioxide particles — into the stratosphere, more than 12 miles above the Earth’s surface, to reflect sunlight back into space.

There are different ways to separate mixtures, eg by filtration, crystallisation, distillation or chromatography. The method chosen depends upon the type of mixture.

Evaporation happens when water molecules move fast enough to break away from a solution and move into the air. When a solution evaporates, the water goes into the air but the solid is left behind.

Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) faces challenges such as particle aggregation, preferential orientation, and loss at ...

Briefly, a solution of 5 mg/ml BSA in 10 mM NaCl was gently stirred in a flask, from which the solution was peristaltically circulated at 18 ml/min (inner tubing diameter 1.2 mm) through a 0.5 ...

Human exposure to toxic particles drives various diseases. Examples include gout, an acute arthritis driven by monosodium urate crystals, or MSUc; CPPD disease, another inflammatory joint disease ...

An international team of scientists has published a new report that moves toward a better understanding of the behavior of some of the heaviest particles in the universe under extreme conditions ...