Muslim-majority states in the Middle East and beyond have jointly condemned Israel's military strikes against Iran as the conflict has escalated and urged Israel to refrain from targeting nuclear facilities.

U.S. refueling aircraft and warships have been dispatched to safeguard U.S. interests as the deadly conflict shows no sign of abating.

Shapiro served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for the Middle East until January—charged with, among other things, considering scenarios in which tensions between Israel and Iran escalated into all-out war and preparing U.