An illustration of a magnifying glass. An illustration of a magnifying glass.

Figure 4. Spatial distribution of decoupling types of China’s cities, 2007–2022. At the city level, specific patterns further emerge, SND cities are concentrated in areas where traditional industries ...

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Based on the classification of the remote sensing data in 1978, 1987, 2000 and 2005, using indices representing spatial pattern characteristics of land use/cover such as gravity center migration, ...