Coral reefs can be separated into three distinct zones: the back reef, reef crest, and fore-reef (Figure 7). The back reef includes the shallow lagoon between the shore and coral reef. This ...

In 1842, Charles Darwin described the Belize Barrier Reef as "the most remarkable reef in the West Indies." Fast forward to 2021, only about 17 percent of live coral cover remains on fore-reefs in ...

"Our research reveals that shallow, energetic areas such as the upper fore reef and middle reef flat, typically characterized by physically-robust coral species, should be targeted for restoration ...

the shallow reef crest, the fore reef, and the lagoon. The garden has small succulents and cacti spread out along the hillside, mimicking the landscape of the shallow reef crest—the shallowest habitat ...

More information: Peter J. Edmunds et al, Effects of year‐long exposure to elevated pCO2 on the metabolism of back reef and fore reef communities, Limnology and Oceanography (2024). DOI ...

such as how much light reaches the various reef zones (fore-reef, reef flat, and lagoon) or how ecological zonation on reefs might be driven by light absorption. For example, while the outer reef ...

The benthic community was characterized at 10 m depth on the fore-reef of each island using photoquadrats (Sandin et al., 2008). Two 25-m transect lines were quantified per site and 10 0.72-m 2 ...