When remnants of Typhoon Merbok hit the Alaska Native village of Hooper Bay in 2022, the impact was immediate and — for this roughly 1,400-person town on the edge of the Bering Sea — disastrous.

including costs of severe storms like Typhoon Merbok in 2022, floods, wildfires, village relocation, infrastructure hardening, fishery failures, coastal erosion, permafrost thaw, etc ...